Wall size to be added to a ready-mixed wallpaper paste



United States Patentf) WALL SIZE TO BE ADDED TO A READY-MIXED WALLPAPERPASTE Maurice S. Dovberg and Ike Dovberg, Philadelphia, Pa.

No Drawing. Application April 15, 1953, Serial No. 349,103

1 Claim. (Cl. 106157) Our invention relates to adhesives for holdingwall paper, and relates particularly to a dual purpose wall paperadhesive product which may be used as a paste whereby Wall sizing willbe eliminated; our product may be added to ordinary wall pastes in orderto eliminate wall sizing.

This application is a continuation in part of our prior filed patentapplication, Serial No. 101,912, filed June 28, 1949, now abandoned.

l-leretofore, paperhangers have used wall paper paste without sizingmaterials therein. However, a definite type of wall sizing material hadto be used with a particular type of wall paper paste. With the presentinvention the paper hanger may select any type of paste and mix the newcomposition of our invention with that paste and use the new compositionwith desirable effects.

Plaster contains lime and when wall paper is placed upon the plasteredwall with ordinary pastes undesirable effects such as blistering andstaining of the wall paper takes place and the wall paper does notadhere to the wall.

In order to prevent blistering and staining and to make the wall paperadhere, paperhangers have always found it necessary to apply anothersubstance on the wall to offset the undesirable effects aforementionedcaused by the lime in the plaster. The extra duty of sizing all newlyplastered, painted, calcimined and rough walls involves the loss of timewhich increases expense.

Heretofore, wall sizing materials were not employed or added to ordinarypastes, since the problem always has been that the paste materials usedmust react with a definite chemical sizing. In other words, the sizingmaterials must either be contained in the pastes or be added to ordinarypaperhangers pastes to form a definite unit of critical substances whichare essential in making up a no-size combination.

Synthetic oil cloths as presently used for wall covering have a tendencyto shrink when ordinary wall paper paste is used but with the use of thecomposition of the present invention in the wall paper paste, then thesynthetic oil cloths do not pull apart.

Because of the modern trend in solid colors and deep tone colors theyare susceptible to staining, but with the present invention the excesspaste may be washed off without leaving paste marks.

Another object of our invention is to provide a paperhangers wall papercomposition that may be sold either in a wet or dry form.

Therefore, it is an object of our invention to provide a composition ofmatter which may be readily mixed with a paperhangers paste by simplyadding the essential ingredients together with water at a boilingtemperature.

Another object of our invention is to provide a wall paper size wherebya paperhanger may use it with any type of paste.

Another object of our invention is to provide an improved adhesive forhanging Wall paper without the use of any wall sizing material.

Another object of our invention is to provide a preparation to be addedto paperhangers pastes wherein the wall paper paste may be more easilyapplied to the paper and may be applied easily to the wall, therebyproviding the very important and necessary give and slide to the wallpaper.

Pastes that contain the composition of our invention will not dry toorapidly.

The composition of the present invention not only acts "ice to soothethe burning effects produced by the chemical reaction of the wall paperadhesive with the plaster, paint, calcimine and other rough wallfinishes, but also is readily absorbed into the pores of the paper andthe plaster and thus forms a solid unit between the wall paper and thewall surface so that as the paste dries slowly it does not burn or stainthe paper; hence, blistering and peeling of the paper is avoided. Thepresent composition, when added to the wall paper paste imparts to thelatter a slow drying characteristic so that as the paper, paste and wallsurface gradually dry out they become lirmly adhered and form a hard,solid unit having a smooth, stainless and clean finish.

Accordingly, another object of our invention is to provide animprovement in paste for paperhangers, wherein the wall paper may beeasily placed on the wall without the paste drying too rapidly butwherein the paste will adhere tenaciously without causing staining,blistering, and peeling on the Wall paper. 7

Still another object of our invention is to provide a paperhangers Wallpaper composition that may be sold either in a wet or dry form.

Referring to a specific embodiment of our invention wherein theingredients and their proportions are critical we mix the variousingredients to produce 16 fluid ounces of the liquid preparation of thepresent invenbe mixed with any ready the combination of the paperhangingelimition. This preparation may mixed wall paper paste and preparationand paste when used for nates the sizing of walls.

The liquid preparation which is to be added to ready mixed Wall paperpaste for the purpose of eliminating wall sizing comprises thefollowing: Wheat flour, 10.0 glIL; sugar sucrose, 0.5 kgm.; ammoniumalum, 10.0 gnr; dextrin, yellow, 10.0 gm.; silica, 13.0 gm.;- cornsyrup, 23.0 gm; wheat syrup, 23.0 gm.; invert syrup, 23.0 gm.; molasses,25.0 gm.; maple syrup, 22.0 gm.; honey, 20.0 gm; methyl salicylate, 4.0ml.; and boiling water, 250.0 ml; (milliliters).

The silica settles out of the preparation and helps in preventing thecrystallization of the sugar and preserves the product indefinitely.Silica is capable of taking up and holding water and thus prevents theliquid paste from thinning out when allowed to stand overnight or forany length of time. Silica acts as a filler and fills in all openings ofthe liquid paste mass remaining in suspension, thereby giving liquidpaste bouyancy, thickness and more body.

Flow sheet A wall size eliminator comprising the following by weight:

(777) Boiling water milliliters 250.0

The powdered silica used in the wall size eliminator serves as a filler.The silica is a mineral, pure commercial grade of soft decomposed rock,it is a natural non-metallic mineral, 99% pure SiOz. It contains tracesof aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxide and minute traces of water.

Silica which is used as a fine powder serves as a filler in the paste,the function of the silica being to preserve the paste, to act as afiller, to give the paste buoyancy, and to prevent the paste fromturning watery while it stands. The silica takes effect when it is usedin the paste.

The ammonium alum serves as a non-fermenting agent. It is used withstarches. The ammonium alum holds the molecules of the starches firm.The alum also acts as an agent to. promote drying' The quantity of alumspecified is of great importance because if more than the quantity setforth is used then the paste would have a tendency to shrink and to drytoo quickly.

Winter wheat flour acts as a filler, and also as an emulsifier. Theflour acts with the silica by immediately going into suspension when theliquid composition is shaken. This causes the entire composition tobecome even throughout.

The yellow dextrin makes the product more adhesive.

The molasses is rich in carbohydrates and the richer the product is incarbohydrates the lesser the tendency of the product is to be subject tobe attacked by bacteria. The molasses rich in carbohydrates enables theproduct to last for a long time without deteriorating. It is also anatural adhesive, and increases the viscosity and tenacity of theproduct.

The corn syrup makes the product more viscous and stickier, in otherwords. If this corn syrup were omitted, the product would not have thedesirable adhesive properties.

Wheat syrup is a cold Water dispersed protein which is prepared by themodification of wheat gluten. Special Wheat protein has a negativepolarity in solutions having a pH of 6 or higher and a positive polarityin solutions where the pH is or lower. Wheat syrup provides thecomposition with a greater adhesiveness and since it is completelysoluble it mixes with the globules of the complete composition in liquidform and thereby it maintains its adhesive effectiveness. Although wecan use the wheat protein in other forms, it is most advantageously usedin the form of wheat syrup, not only because of the relatively low costof wheat syrup but also because the latter is easily diluted anddissolved in the wall paste mixture.

The preparation of the present invention when added to the wall paperpaste increases the density of the paste and so provides a moreeffective filler for the pores of the wall surface and of the paper tobe adhered thereto.

Invert syrup does not crystallize and when it is blended with themolecules of the carbohydrates in general, it adds to the richness ofthe mass. It has adhesive properties (natural) and it adds tenacity tothe mass.

Methyl salicylate is a synthetic winter green oil used as an aromaticagent and has properties that prevent bacteria.

Maple syrup also gives this product richness. quantity of each syrup isused (corn syrup, etc.). Each has a specific action in itself.

Honey also is an agent which gives the product richness and carbohydrateproperties.

In combination with the other refiners products, honey adds to therichness in carbohydrates which are reduced in sugars and which givesthe finished product specific zones of inhibition, which preventorganisms such as Staphylococcus albus and yeast molds, from affectingthe product. The Staphylococcus albus bacteria and the yeast molds arevery common bacteria which attack starch products, especially after theyhave been cooked or they have been mixed with water and allowed tostand.

A small wheat syrup,

All these refiners products serve a definite purpose, each acts as itsown agent; not only do they make the complete product exceptionally richin carbohydrates, which prevent the development of bacteria and preservethe paste, but they all tend to hold the paste product firm and toprevent the paste once it is mixed from turning watery and losing itsadhesive effectiveness.

By adding one-half pint or 250 milliliters of boiling water, it produceswith the ingredients a liquid size which is adaptable to be added to aready mixed wall paper paste for eliminating wall sizing.

The procedure for the mix:

Place the sugar in a container, then the ammonium alum is added, thenthe winter wheat, then yellow dextrin, then silica, these ingredientsbeing all mixed together as they are being combined, following which themass is sifted through a fine mesh screen to produce a finely powdereddry mix. To this sifted dry powdered mix is then separately added themolasses, the corn syrup, the wheat syrup, the invert refiners syrup,the maple syrup and the honey, after which is added the boiled water atapproximately its boiling temperature. Steam is then injected into themass during mixing thereof, the steam injection being continuous for aperiod suflicient to insure destruction of all bacteria. All of theaforesaid mixing is effected in a closed container into which the steamis injected to maintain a boiling temperature until such time as themass commences to boil over, whereupon the further injection of steam isdiscontinued.

Although our invention has been described in considerable detail, suchdescription is intended as being illustrative rather than limiting,since the invention may be variously embodied, and the scope of theinvention is to be determined as claimed.

We claim as our invention:

A wall paper size to be added to ready mixed wall paper paste consistingof the following: wheat flour, 10.0 gm.; sugar sucrose, .5 kmg.;ammonium alum, 10.0 gm.; yellow dextrine, 10.0 gm.; natural silicondioxide, 13.0 gm.; molasses, 25.0 gm.; corn syrup, 23.0 gm.; wheatsyrup, 23.0 gm.; invert syrup, 23.0 gm.; maple syrup, 22.0 gm.; honey,20.0 gm.; methyl salicylate, 4.0 gm.; and boiled water, 250.0milliliters.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 71,663Sturgeon Dec. 3, 1867 191,933 Clifford June 12, 1877 488,024 Moore Dec.13, 1892 551,530 Doebrich Dec. 17, 1895 568,683 Honig Sept. 29, 1896629,006 Evershed July 18, 1899 2,115,487 Doveberg Apr. 26, 1938 OTHERREFERENCES Gregory: Uses and Applications of Chemicals and RelatedMaterials, 1939, page 55.

